农业科学与食品研究杂志
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A Comprehensive Review of Vermicomposting Methods: Unraveling the Techniques, Advancements and Future Perspectives

Asima Amin

Vermicomposting, a biodegradation process facilitated by earthworms, has gained significant attention as an eco-friendly and sustainable method for organic waste management and soil improvement. This comprehensive review aims to explore the various vermicomposting techniques, advancements, and future perspectives in the field. The review begins by elucidating the fundamental principles of vermicomposting and the role of earthworms in the process. Different vermicomposting methods, such as windrow, pit, box, and continuous-flow systems are examined, highlighting their advantages, limitations, and applicability to different scales of operations. Moreover, the impact of key factors, including feedstock selection, temperature, moisture content, and pH, on the vermicomposting process and the growth and reproduction of earthworms is discussed in detail. Furthermore, recent advancements in vermicomposting technology are reviewed. These include the integration of vermicomposting with other waste management techniques like anaerobic digestion and composting, as well as the utilization of different types of earthworms and their specific roles in the process. Innovative engineering approaches, such as vermitechnology and vermi-filters, are explored, showcasing their potential for enhancing vermicomposting efficiency and expanding its applications. The review also addresses the challenges and potential solutions associated with vermicomposting, such as the management of invasive earthworm species, control of pathogens and contaminants, and optimization of process parameters. Additionally, the ecological and agronomic benefits of vermicompost, including improved soil fertility, nutrient cycling, and plant growth are discussed.