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Development and Characterization of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

Yao Zhang, Ling Li, Yakun Li, Zengmin Yang, Aijing Zhang, Ercui Shen, Yun Liu, Yan Wang, Minghui Zheng, Xiao Chen, Shuming Wu, Haijiang Zhang, Yongjiang Liu

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 that belongs to betacoronaviruseis, and is an enveloped, single and positive-stranded RNA virus. In this study, we describe the production and characterization of four monoclonal antibodies with neutralization activities.

Methods: Thirteen monoclonal antibodies that identified positive were characterized by neutralization assays, binding affinities identification, and the indirect sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to evaluate the immunocompetence. The genes of neutralizing antibodies were sequenced and analyzed.

Results: All monoclonal antibodies recognized two different epitopes respectively, including the receptor binding domain and human fragment crystallizable, and the binding affinities are also different. Four of nine monoclonal antibodies that can recognize the epitopes of the receptor binding domain are conformation neutralizing antibodies that have high binding affinity and neutralization ability. Based on the results sequencing, the monoclonal antibodies are unique antibodies with specificity.

Conclusion: We characterized thirteen monoclonal antibodies, four of which are neutralizing antibodies and identified unique antibodies with specificity. The results highlight the promise of antibody-based therapeutics and provide the structural basis of rational vaccine design.