儿科学与治疗
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沙特阿拉伯东部省儿科中毒模式（发病率、人口统计和诱发因素）

艾哈迈德·雷法特·拉加布*、马哈·哈立德·马兹鲁阿

儿童中毒是发展中国家和发达国家发病的主要原因。尽管一些预防儿科意外中毒的干预措施取得了成功 population, toxic ingestions continue to be a common occurrence. The purpose of this study was to shed light on the problem of accidental poisoning among children, to determine the factors related to accidental poisoning by the most common medications and household agents in poisoned patients who were visited a pediatric ER department. A prospective study was conducted in the period from January 2011 until December 2013 at the Dammam Maternal and Child Hospital. The studied children were a mix of boys and girls, did not suffer from any mental disabilities, were aged below 15 years old, and were of variable nationalities. The findings of the study demonstrated that the most common toxic presentation in the reported cases were medications toxicity exposure (63.2%) followed by pesticides toxic exposures (16.3%). Acetaminophen exposure represents the most common toxic forum of medication exposures (27.6%). Age from 1-7 year is the most common vulnerable age of toxicity (74.8%). The most common 涉及毒性表现的药物制剂为片剂和糖浆剂，分别占41.7%和20.7%。在研究病例中，64.5%的报告病例无症状中毒表现，而相反部位的6%患有急性严重意识障碍“格拉斯哥昏迷量表小于8”。需要针对中毒危害的家长和职业制定有效的健康促进计划，以提高认识并减少儿童中毒的发生率。