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Prevailing knowledge about pelvic floor rehabilitation and use of pessaries in females with uterine prolapse- an overview

Arati Mahishale1, Asmu Bhattarai1*, Javiriya Mainuddin1, Rajendra B Nerli2

Uterine prolapse (UP), a form of pelvic organ prolapse (POP), is a clinical constraint characterized by the downward descent of the uterus in varying degrees. Most frequently observed in elderly females and has an intense negative impression on their healthy lives. Stabilization of the uterus with the vagina is accountable for the interplay between the mechanical, muscular, and connective tissues. Any pathology or disturbance in the function of these structures can increase the risk of UP.

Urinary, vaginal, and bowel complaints can be experienced by women with uterine prolapse. The complications of physical disturbances that occur in UP can adversely affect women's physical and emotional health, which results in a serious public health issue. Operative corrective regimens like the removal of the uterus or vaginal wall repair mark a significant cost and burden of recovery for the patient and their family members. Pelvic floor rehabilitation, a non-invasive technique, has been manifested as an effective option with a lower cost and complexity compared to surgical options.

With pelvic floor muscle training, organ prolapse can be stopped in its tracks, and procedures can be avoided. Pessaries are basically used as a nonsurgical method of managing POP, regardless of the type of prolapse. This review will summarize recent literature on the efficacy of pelvic floor rehabilitation and pessaries in the management of UP.