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Sero-prevalence of Dengue virus infection and associated factors among patients with febrile illness attending at Edna Adan University Hospital. Hargeisa, Somaliland, 2022: A cross-sectional study

Hussein Mohamoud Nour1*, Mohamed Abdiqadir Ahmed2, Alemayehu Bayray Kahsay2

Background: DENV infection is increasingly recognized as one of the world’s emerging infectious diseases. The global incidence of dengue has grown dramatically with about half of the world's population now at risk. Although an estimated 100-400 million infections occur each year, over 80% are generally mild and asymptomatic. While estimates of dengue deaths are less often reported, the most commonly cited figures are around 20 thousand annual dengue deaths. Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional was conducted on a total of 54 patients with febrile illness from October to November 2022. A systematic sampling method was employed and pretested structured questionnaires were used to collect socio-demographic characteristics and other associated factors. Therefore, 5ml of venous blood was collected aseptically from each of the patients, and DENV was screened using SD-Bioline rapid test. Chi-square was conducted to determine the associated factors of DENV. Results: The overall incidence rate of dengue virus infection among the patients with febrile illness in the study area was 20 (37%), Gender of the patient (p<0.007), presence of fever (p<0.001) and retro-orbital pain were significantly associated with the dengue seropositivity. Conclusion: in conclusion, a high incidence rate of dengue virus infection (37%) was reported in the study area. Future large-scale investigation and molecular detection are warranted to discover different virus serotypes. This study also provides the first evidence of dengue virus infection circulation in Somaliland.