转化医学
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Spatial Dynamics of Malaria Transmission in the Tano North Municipality of Ghana: A Geospatial Analysis Approach

Samuel K. Amponsah, Joana Apenkwa, Emmanuel Yeboah, Esther Ayaaba, William Dormechele5, Abraham Okrah, Daniel Kwame Adu, Idris Kwasi Saeed Yeboah, Samuel Kwabena Boakye-Boateng, Victor Fannam Nunfam

Background: Malaria is a significant health challenge in Africa. However, studies on the spatial dynamics of malaria transmission in Ghana using a geospatial analysis approach, have received little attention. This study used geospatial analysis and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology to examine the spatial intricacies of malaria transmission, focusing on how proximity to dumpsites and stagnant waters affects disease prevalence.

Materials and methods: We employed spatial analysis techniques such as buffer and overlay analyses, spatial autocorrelation Getis-Ord G statistics, geo-statistical modeling and correlation analysis, to explore the spatial relationships between dumpsites, stagnant waters, households and malaria incidence.

Results: The study revealed persistent difficulties associated with malaria, despite global attempts to eradicate and highlights the importance of environmental factors. Malaria transmission is higher near dumpsites and stagnant waters, where mosquitoes breed. The study also revealed the seasonal variation in malaria cases, with more in the rainy season and less in the dry season. The study suggests specific waste management strategies, vector control measures and public health interventions to reduce transmission risks.

Conclusion: Geospatial analysis and GIS technology provide valuable insights for evidence-based policymaking, enabling more effective malaria control and preventive measures. Collaboration involving health authorities, communities and stakeholders are essential for implementing these suggested interventions and lowering the malaria burden in endemic areas.