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BTBR T+ tf /J (BTBR) 自闭症小鼠模型

凯瑟琳·K·查德曼* 和萨拉·R·瓜里利亚

神经精神疾病的小鼠模型根据三个不同的标准进行验证：表面效度、结构效度和预测效度。自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是通过行为来诊断的，因此 ASD 小鼠模型主要依赖于表面效度。自闭症谱系障碍的三个诊断标准是社交互动、沟通和重复行为受损，和/或兴趣受限。BTBR T+ tf/J (BTBR) mice are an inbred strain used as model of ASDs. All three types of behavioral criteria have been evaluated in the BTBR mice. An advantage of using an inbred strain, such as BTBR is that, the mice are considered genetically identical and offer good controls for experimentation. The BTBR mice have demonstrated face validity for the three core behaviors that define ASDs. Low levels of social behavior, altered communication and spontaneous grooming comprise the behavioral phenotype of the BTBR mice. For construct validity, the BTBR mice have some physiological characteristics similar to humans with ASDs. Several drug and behavioral treatments for ASDs have been examined in the BTBR mice; however this area of research is still being developed. This review will offer a description of the behavior and physiology of the BTBR mice as a model for ASDs.