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Health Promoting Components in Milk and Milk Products

Bikash C. Ghosh

Review on health promoting activities of milk fat, protein, lactose, their hydrolysed products, and milk minerals on diseases control and physiological benefits are highlighted. Milk fat and the presence of both saturated and some unsaturated fatty acids including Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) have shown important physiological role including lowers body fat in human and anti-cancerous. Proteins provides basic nutrition including essential & nonessential amino acids and play vital role in muscle functions, immunological health, and their maintenance. It offers several functional benefits in supporting good metabolic and overall health. Proteins have shown positive impact on complications like hypertension, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, immunoglobulins, and mineral binding features etc. Lactose derivatives (1518%) serve as prebiotics and have shown improved growth of the beneficial microflora in the gut. Ca supplements improve the serum lipoprotein profile, particularly by decreasing serum total and LDLcholesterol concentrations. Fermented dairy products are protective against type 2 diabetes. Consumption of whole fat dairy is related with lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome with lower incidence of hypertension and diabetes. Whey contributes beneficial attributes of lactose and its derivatives in addition to sulphur containing essential amino acids from whey proteins. More research is required for better understanding the physiological effects and the mechanisms involved in dairy products for the prevention and treatment of health problems .